Only 55% of Africa’s population can access the internet, while it remains slower and less affordable
Surfshark recently released an internet divide study, which is based on data from the annual digital wellbeing index (DQL 2022). The study reveals that people from lower-income countries have to work 3 times more than higher-income countries for 3 times slower internet. In many of these countries, the internet is so slow that not even video calls are possible. Such internet inequality, combined with today’s inflation rates and political uncertainties, is taking people from lower-income countries on a downward spiral of economic hardship.
Surfshark’s analysis highlights that Africa experiences the sharpest internet divide, with just 55% of the population having access to the internet (compared to 90% in Europe). Even so, those with access experience deep inequalities in internet speed and affordability. As of 2022, the internet in Africa is 79% less affordable than in Europe and 83% less affordable than in Oceania (the region with the most affordable internet).
Why the internet divide is a problem for lower-income countries
According to Surfshark’s Lead Researcher Agneska Sablovskaja, “People who can’t access the internet are cut off from the digital opportunities that people from higher-income countries have. Without internet access, people can’t study or work online, and they can’t grow their economy with digital exports”.
“The internet is also very slow in lower-income countries. Even if people from these countries can afford the internet, they still face limitations in what they can do. For instance, internet speeds in lower-income countries make it very difficult to make video calls.”, says Sablovskaja.
Mobile internet divide
People from lower-income countries have to work approximately 11 minutes more than higher-income countries to afford 1GB of mobile internet that is 49 Mbps slower:
Lower-income countries work 17 minutes for 1 GB of mobile internet with 26 Mbps.
Higher-income countries work 6 minutes for 1 GB of mobile internet with 75 Mbps.
26 Mbps — the average mobile internet speed in lower-income countries — is 3 times slower than in higher-income countries and creates limitations in what people can do online. For instance, 26 Mbps may be enough for streaming a movie, but it’s not enough for a video call (which requires 50 Mbps).
Broadband internet divide
The situation with broadband internet is no better - lower-income countries work 8 hours more than higher-income countries to afford a fixed broadband plan that is 83 Mbps slower:
Lower-income countries work 12 hours for broadband internet with 34.4 Mbps.
Higher-income countries work 4 hours for broadband internet with 117.8 Mbps.
In higher-income countries, broadband internet tends to be much faster than mobile. But in lower-income countries, broadband internet is just 34 Mbps on average — barely any faster than mobile.
The lowest-income countries in the DQL index, Ethiopia (115th in DQL) and Mali (102nd in DQL), are also the income group that experiences the sharpest internet divide
People from these countries work 51 minutes (which is 14 times more than the highest-income countries) for mobile internet that is 68 Mbps slower. Broadband internet in these lowest-income countries is just 19 Mbps on average but is 8 times less affordable. The difficult political climates in these countries make internet access especially important — without it, the world is left in the dark about the issues in these countries.
